Immersed Boundary Methods for Simulations of Biological Flows in Swimming and Flying Bio-Locomotion: A Review

Biological flows in swimming and flying bio-locomotion usually involve intricate flexible or rigid structures that undergo large deformations displacements, as well rich mechanisms of bio-fluid interactions. Immersed boundary methods (IBMs) have gained increasing prevalence numerical investigations such biological flow problems due to their simplicity capability for simulating these on a Cartesian mesh, which does not require tedious grid-regeneration mesh deformation processes. In recent years, the vigorous development IBM variants has enriched techniques bionic simulations. This review focuses its applications field aerodynamics hydrodynamics, including both diffuse sharp interface IBMs. The fundamentals former are introduced detail, hybrid Cartesian-IBM is briefly presented one representative method latter. particular, velocity correction highlighted superiority accurately satisfying no-slip conditions. To shed light dynamic characteristics behaviors with predefined passive motion deformation, some results from also presented. Finally, this discusses challenges promising research bio-inspired motions based IBM.